School is the dream place of every kid, some are afraid and some are excited for this amazing place where everyone gets knowledge of living life and subject. Here we will discuss My First Day At School Essay.
This essay can be used for ‘my first day at new school’ and ‘short essay on my first day at school’ also.
The outline of My First Day at School-
1- Introduction
The first day at school is an experience which I cannot forget. Its memory is still fresh in my mind. It was Ist July 2006. I got up early in the morning on this day. I got myself prepared. With my tutor, I started towards my new school.
2- School office and the Principal’s office
We entered the office where I found four men sitting behind the counter. My tutor got a form from one of them. He filled it. Then we entered the Principal’s office. My tutor gave the form to him. He looked at the form and struck a bell. At once a peon came in. He ordered him to take us to the staff room.
3- My test and Admission
The peon led us to the room where I found the teachers round a long table. My tutor gave the form to one of them. The teacher put my knowledge to the test in English. He found me fit. Another teacher gave me five sums to solve. I solved them easily. Both the teachers wrote something on the form. Again my tutor entered the Principal’s office. He ordered for my admission. My tutor deposited my dues in the office. I was sent to the IX-B classroom with a chit.
4- Classroom and class teacher
I went into the classroom and took my seat in the last row. In front of me, there was a big blackboard on the wall. Near it, there was a decent chair and a table for the teachers on a raised platform. After a few minutes, a teacher entered the classroom. I gave the chit to him. He wrote my name in the register. The teacher was an interesting fellow. He passed a few funny remarks. ( 259 ) 2601 English Class-XII
5- Experience in the recess period
At the recess bell, we rushed out of the classroom. It was leisure time. Some boys approached me. They cracked jokes. One of them said, “From which jungle are you coming?” I was silent. Fortunately, three boys ran for my help. They took me around the school building. They showed me the reading room and library, I found the school hall well decorated with paintings. As the bell rang, we were again in the classroom. Four teachers attended their periods but none taught us.
6- Conclusion
At 12.30, the last bell went. The classes were over. When I reached home, I was quite glad. I told my mother about the new school. She was glad to hear the account of my first day.
Difficult Words :
Experience- अनुभव, Approached = = पहुचे, Memory = याद, Entered = प्रवेश किया, Knowledge = ज्ञान, Deposit= जमा किया
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Parts of Speech में Verb बहुत ही महत्वपूर्ण होता है, अंग्रेजी को अच्छे से समझने के लिए Verb को जानना बहुत जरूरी है, इस पोस्ट में Verb Meaning In Hindi पर हम विस्तृत चर्चा करेंगे |
वाक्यों की संरचना ( Formation ) में क्रियाओं ( Verbs ) की महत्त्वपूर्ण भूमिका होती है । उपर्युक्त वाक्यों में आये शब्द is eating, dance, was taught, have had तथा is से पता चलता है कि इनमें से प्रथम तीन ( first three ) कोई – न – कोई कार्य सम्पन्न होने की सूचना देते हैं । have/had से अधिकार / स्वामित्व / सम्बन्ध ( Possession / Ownership / Relation ) तथा is से दशा ( Condition ) का बोध होता है । ऐसे शब्दों को Grammar की भाषा में Verbs कहते हैं । अतः हम कह सकते हैं कि –
A verb is a word that denotes an action, state or possession.
A verb is a word that says something about a subject.
Verb एक ऐसा Word है जिससे किसी कार्य के होने, अधिकार या अवस्था का बोध होता है । इसे और स्पष्ट रूप से समझने के लिए हम निम्नलिखित वाक्यों में Verbs के प्रयोग पर गौर करें –
1- Verbs denoting Actions ( कार्य कलाप बोधक क्रियाएँ ):
3- Verbs denoting State / Condition. ( अवस्था / दशाबोधक क्रियाएँ ) :
I am ready. The patient is out of danger.
He was absent. They were intelligent.
His family is happy. Mohan is busy.
Kinds of Verbs
वाक्य में प्रयोग के आधार पर Verbs दो प्रकार के होते हैं –
Main / Principal / Ordinary / Full Verbs – मुख्य क्रिया
Auxiliary / Helping Verbs – सहायक क्रिया ।
1- Main Verb (मुख्य क्रिया)
यह क्रिया वाक्य में मुख्य काम करती है । इसे Principal / Ordinary / Full Verb भी कहते हैं । जब वाक्य में एक ही Verb हो तो उसे Main Verb कहते हैं । ऐसे Verbs का का अपने आप में पूर्ण ( Complete ) होता है । निम्न वाक्यों में Red Words Main Verbs हैं –
Ram reads a book. They can do this work.
He is going. You will go.
2- Auxiliary Verb
The verbs which are used together with main verbs to help them in the formation of tense, voice, mood, etc . are called auxiliary or helping verb.
वह Verb जो Main Verb को Tense, Voice, Mood इत्यादि बनाने में सहायता कर Auxiliary Verb कहलाता है । इसे Helping Verb भी कहते हैं ।
निम्नलिखित वाक्यों में Red Words Auxiliary Verbs है –
They have eaten. He will do this work.
Ram is reading a book. You should help me.
Auxiliary Verbs की संख्या 24 है, जो निम्नलिखित हैं
am
Is
Was
Were
Do
Does
Have
Has
Had
Ought to
Should
Must
Can
Could
May
Might
Shall
Will
Would
Need
Dare
Did
Are
Used To
ध्यान दें:
इन 24 Auxiliary Verbs में से कुछ verbs ऐसे हैं, जिनका प्रयोग Main Verbs तथा Auxiliary Verbs दोनों ही रूप में हो सकता है ।
निम्नलिखित वाक्यों को गौर से पढ़ने पर यह स्पष्ट हो जाता है कि कुछ Auxiliary Verbs, Main Verbs के रूप में किस प्रकार प्रयुक्त होते हैं ।
He is a teacher. ( Is – Main Verb )
He is eating. ( Is – Auxiliary Verb )
Rekha has a car. ( Has – Main Verb )
Rekha has gone. ( Has – Auxiliary Verb )
I did it. ( Did – Main Verb )
I did not swim. ( Did – Auxiliary Verb )
ध्यान दें:
जब Sentence में एक ही ( Single ) Verb हो तो वह Main Verb होता है । जैसे-
He has an elephant. ( Has – Main Verb )
We are students. ( Are – Main Verb )
जब किसी Sentence में दो या दो से अधिक ( two or more than two ) Verbs एक ही साथ आये हों तो अन्त में आने वाला Verb Main Verb ‘ होता है तथा अन्य Verbs ‘Auxiliary Verbs’ होते हैं । जैसे-
Ram has been playing.
Has – Auxiliary Verb
Been – Auxiliary Verb
Playing – Main Verb
I have been an engineer.
Have – Auxiliary Verb
Been – Main Verb
Object to the Verb in Hindi
हम जानते हैं कि वाक्य में Verb का Effect ( फल ) Subject पर पड़ता है । इसके अलावा Verb का Effect कुछ अन्य शब्द या शब्द – समूहों ( group of words ) पर भी पड़ता है । कर्ता के अलावे क्रिया का फल जिस शब्द या शब्द – समूह पर पड़ता है उसे हम उस क्रिया का Object ( कर्म ) कहते हैं । Object प्रायः कोई Noun / Pronoun / Noun Phrase / Noun Clause होता है |
Object पता करने के लिए Verb के साथ What / Whom ( क्या / किसको ) लगाकर । प्रश्न करते हैं । इस प्रश्न का जो उत्तर मिलता है वही उस Verb का Object होता है ।
अगर कोई उत्तर नहीं प्राप्त हो तो यह समझना चाहिए कि दिये गये Verb का कोई Object नहीं है ।
निम्नलिखित वाक्यों पर गौर करें ।
Children like sweets.
like what? – sweets
क्या पसंद करते हैं? – मिठाइयाँ
अतः उपर्युक्त वाक्य में Verb ‘like’ का object sweets हुआ ।
My father reads a novel.
reads what? – novel.
क्या पढ़ते हैं? उपन्यास
अतः उपर्युक्त वाक्य में Verb ‘reads’ का Object novel हुआ ।
Her mother loves her very much.
loves whom? – her.
किसे प्यार करती है? उसे
अतः उपर्युक्त वाक्य में Verb ‘loves’ का object her हुआ ।
I love the beautiful objects of Nature… ( मैं प्रकृति के सुन्दर उपादानों को प्यार करता हूँ । )
love whom? – the beautiful objects of Nature.
किसे प्यार करता हूँ? – प्रकृति के सुन्दर उपादानों को
अतः उपर्युक्त वाक्य में Verb ‘love’ का Object the beautiful objects of Nature हुआ ।
Ram is going to market.
Going what? – No reply
क्या जा रहा है? – कोई जवाब नहीं
Going whom? – No reply.
किसे जा रहा है? – कोई जवाब नहीं
अतः उपर्यक्त वाक्य में Verb ‘is going’ का कोई Object नहीं है ।
Mohan laughs.
Laughs what? – No reply
क्या हँसता है? – कोई जवाब नहीं
Laughs whom? – No reply.
किसे हँसता है? – कोई जवाब नहीं
अतः उपर्युक्त वाक्य में Verb ‘laughs’ का कोई Object नहीं है ।
Verb Meaning In Hindi: Transitive and Intransitive
Main Verbs या Principal Verbs को दो भागों में बाँटा गया है –
Transitive Verb ( सकर्मक क्रिया ) – That which requires an object.
Intransitive Verb ( अकर्मक क्रिया ) – That which requires no object.
Transitive Verb
The verb used with an object is called a transitive verb.
The verb which takes an object is transitive.
A transitive verb is that which requires an object.
जिस Verb के बाद Object का प्रयोग हआ हो, उस Verb का Transitive Verb कहते हैं |
Examples:
Mohan plays cricket. He eats bread.
I like the season of winter. He knows me.
You have helped my family. They sing songs.
उपर्युक्त वाक्यों में cricket, bread, the season of winter, me, my family तथा songs, Objects ( कम ) हैं । अतः इनके पहले प्रयोग में आए Verbs क्रमशः plays, eats like, knows, helped तथा sings, Transitive Verbs हुए ।
Intransitive Verb
The verb used without an object is called an intransitive verb.
The verb which takes no object is intransitive.
An intransitive verb is that which does not require an object.
जिस Verb के बाद Object का प्रयोग नहीं हो, उस Verb को Intransitive Verb कहते हैं ।
Examples:
Ram goes to the market. Mohan laughs.
She sleeps. I get up early in the morning.
He writes slowly. We run on the road.
उपर्यक्त वाक्यों में कोई Object ( कर्म ) नहीं है । अतः प्रयोग में आए verbs goes, laughs, sleeps, getup, writes तथा run – Intransitive Verbs हैं ।
कोई Verb Transitive है या Intransitive इसका निश्चय करने में Verbs के प्रयोग पर ध्यान केन्द्रित करना चाहिए । कुछ ही Verbs हैं, जिनके बाद Objects किसी भी स्थिति में नहीं आते हैं और वे हमेशा Intransitive Verbs के रूप में प्रयुक्त होते हैं जैसे Go, Come, Sleep, Walk, Move, Fly, Die, Spit, Sneeze इत्यादि ।
अधिकांश Verbs के प्रयोग दोनों ही प्रकार से हो सकते हैं । जब इनके बाद Objects रहते हैं तब ये Transitive कहलाते हैं और जब इनके बाद Objects नहीं रहते हैं तब ये Intransitive कहलाते हैं ।
अतः हमें यह नहीं समझना चाहिए कि Eat, Drink, Read, Beat, Sing इत्यादि Verbs हमेशा Transitive Verbs के रूप में ही प्रयोग में आते हैं। कहने का तात्पर्य यह है कि जब तक Verb के बाद Object का प्रयोग नहीं होगा तब तक उस Verb को हम Transitive Verb नहीं कहेंगे ।
निम्नलिखित Verb Meaning In Hindi में वाक्यों को समझकर अपना Concept Clear करें-
Intransitive Verb
Transitive Verb
I drink
I drink water
My father eats
My father eats bread.
My mother reads
My mother reads the Ramayan
The Church bell rang
The peon rang the bell
The eagle is flying
He is flying a kite
He speaks too slowly
He speaks the truth
The glass broke
He broke the glass
Mohan is singing in the garden
Mohan is singing a song
Transitive Verbs with Double Objects
कुछ Transitive Verbs ऐसे होते हैं जिन्हें दो Objects की आवश्यकता होती है, केवल एक से काम नहीं चलता । जैसे — Give, Tell, Teach, Offer, Promise इत्यादि । निम्नलिखित Examples पर गौर करें-
Subject
Transitive verb
Indirect Object
Direct Object
Ram
Gave
Me
A book
They
Asked
Me
A question
She
Brought
Us
Food
He
Told
Boys
A story
The Magistrate
Fined
Them
Fifty rupees
The news
Caused
Him
Trouble
I
Taught
Student
English
He
Promised
Me
His help
The stranger
Offered
Me
coffee
इस प्रकार हम देखते हैं कि कुछ Transitive Verbs को दो Objects की आवश्यकता होती है, जिनमें एक कोई व्यक्ति या प्राणीसूचक Object होता है और दूसरा Object वस्तुसूचक ।
इस स्थिति में व्यक्तिसूचक Object को Indirect Object तथा वस्तुसूचक Object को Direct Object कहते हैं ।
Direct और Indirect Object को पहचानने का एक और तरीका है । साधारणतः वाक्य में पहले Indirect Object और उसके बाद Direct Object का प्रयोग होता है । यदि Indirect Object को Direct Object के बाद रखा जाता है, तो Indirect Object के पहले ‘ to ‘ या ” for preposition का प्रयोग होता है । जैसे
1. He gave me an apple. या He gave an apple to me.
2. I teach students English. या I teach English to students.
आशा है कि Verb Meaning In Hindi के इस लेख को पढ़ कर आपका वर्ब के सम्बंधित ज्ञान में वृद्धि हुई होगी | अगर आपको ये लेख पसंद आये तो आप इसे अपने Facebook, Whatsapp और twitter पर शेयर कर सकते हैं |
अंग्रेजी व्याकरण में Parts of Speech का बहुत महत्व है, किसी भी व्यक्ति को यदि English की समझ को बढ़ाना है तो Parts of Speech को बेहतर ढंग से जानना परम आवशयक है | What Is Noun in Hindi में हम noun के विषय में विस्तार से चर्चा करेंगे |
उपर्यक्त वाक्यों में आए शब्द Ram तथा Doctor व्यक्तियों के नाम हैं, Cow एक जानवर का नाम है, India, Country और Allahabad स्थान के नाम है, Pen, Table और Water वस्तुओं के नाम हैं, Kindness तथा Honesty मानवीय गुणों के नाम हैं । इस प्रकार से संसार में अनेक नाम हैं । इन समस्त नामों को हम Grammar की भाषा में Noun कहते हैं । ।
A noun is the name of a person, place, animal, thing, human quality/idea/experience/feeling.
A noun is a word that is used as the name of anything. A noun is the name of anything.
All naming words are nouns.
किसी व्यक्ति, स्थान, पशु, वस्तु या मानवीय गुण / विचार / अनुभव इत्यादि के नाम को Noun कहते हैं ।
Types of Noun in Hindi: पारम्परिक व्याकरण के अनुसार Noun के पाँच भेद हैं
Proper Noun ( व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा )
Common Noun ( जातिवाचक संज्ञा )
Collective Noun ( समूहवाचक संज्ञा )
Material Noun ( द्रव्यवाचक संज्ञा )
Abstract Noun ( भाववाचक संज्ञा )
Proper Noun In Hindi
A proper noun is the name of a particular person, place or thing. किसी व्यक्ति, वस्तु, स्थान इत्यादि के विशेष नाम को Proper Noun कहते हैं ।
Examples:
Particular Person Ram Shyam, Shivam, Tom, Kuldip, Karim
Particular Place Rampur, Patana, Gorakhpur, Delhi, Kanpur
Particular Animal Pussy (Name Of a Particular Cat) Tommy (Name of a Particular Dog)
Particular Day and Month Sunday, Monday, June, July
Common Noun in Hindi
A Common Noun is the common ( समानधर्मी ) name of a class of person, place or thing.
जिस Noun से किसी विशेष या खास व्यक्ति, वस्तु या स्थान का बोध नहीं हो बल्कि । उससे समस्त जाति, प्रजाति या श्रेणी का बोध हो, उसे Common Noun कहते हैं ।
Nouns Common का अर्थ — ‘ जो सब में शामिल हो ‘ ( Shared in common by everything of the same class or kind ) है
Ram is a proper noun but a doctor is a common noun.
Ritika is a proper noun but a girl is a common noun.
India is a proper noun but a country is a common noun.
Kolkata is a proper noun but the city is a common noun.
The Ramayan is a proper noun but the book is a common noun.
The Yamuna is a proper noun but the river is a common noun.
Tomi is a proper noun but a dog is a common noun.
The Hindustan is a proper noun but a newspaper is a common noun.
Collective Noun
A collective noun is the name of a number of persons or things considered as one.
वह Noun जिससे एक ही प्रकार के व्यक्तियों या वस्तुओं के समूह या झुंड का बोध हो, उसे Collective Noun कहते हैं ।
Examples:
Class (वर्ग)
Crowd (भीड)
Army (सेना)
Flock (झुंड)
Team (दल)
Family (परिवार)
Committee (समिति)
Bunch (गुच्छा)
Band (दल)
Gang (समूह)
Mob (उत्तजित भीड़)
Group (समूह)
Bunch of flowers कहने से फूलों के गुच्छे का बोध होता है । Team of players कहने से खिलाड़ियों के दल का बोध होता है । उसी प्रकार गायकों के दल को Band of musicians और अपराधियों के समूह को Gang of criminals कहते हैं ।
Material Noun
A material noun is the name of a substance that is eaten, drunk, measured and weighed but not counted.
नापी – तौली जानेवाली वस्तु के नाम को Material Noun कहते हैं । ये ऐसी वस्तुओं का बोध कराते हैं जिन्हें हम खाते, पीते या नापते और तौलते हैं । ऐसी वस्तुओं को गिना नहीं जा सकता । ये परिमाण ( Mass ) को अभिव्यक्त ( Express ) करते हैं ।
Examples:
Water (पानी),
Oil (तेल),
Silver, Butter (मक्खन)
Milk (दूध),
Chalk (खड़िया / खल्ली)
Curd (दही)
Sugar (चीनी)
Lunch (दोपहर का भोजन),
Paper (कागज),
Stone (पत्थर)
Dinner or Supper (रात्रि का भोजन)
Wheat (गेहूँ)
Gold (सोना)
Breakfast (जलपान)
Iron (लोहा)
Lime (चूना)
Wool ऊन
ध्यानदें:
Wood Material Noun है, परन्तु इससे निर्मित Chair, Table, Bench, House इत्यादि Common Noun हैं । Bread भी Material Noun है । इसलिए एक रोटी के लिए ‘ a bread ‘ का प्रयोग न करके ‘ a piece of bread ‘ का प्रयोग करते हैं ।
Abstract Noun
An abstract noun is the name of such type of thine touched but only thought of.
वह Noun जिसे हम देख या छू ( Touch ) न सकें, केवल अनुभव द्वारा समझ सकें Abstract Noun कहते है । जिस Noun से किसी गुण ,दशा अथवा कार्य का बोध हो, उसे abstract noun कहते हैं |
जितने Science ( विज्ञान ) और Arts ( कलाएँ ) हैं, वे भी Abstract Nouns हैं ।
जैसे — Physics ( भौतिकी ), Mathematics ( गणित ), Painting ( चित्रकारी ) इत्यादि ।
सभी भाषाएँ Abstract Nouns हैं ।
जैसे — Hindi ( हिन्दी ), English ( अंग्रेजी ), Russian ( रूसी ), French ( फ्रेंच ) इत्यादि ।
जितनी बीमारियाँ ( Diseases ) हैं, वे भी Abstract Nouns हैं ।
जैसे — Headache ( सरदद ), Cancer ( कैंसर ), Jaundice ( पीलिया ) इत्यादि ।
Abstract Noun का बहुवचन रूप ( Plural form ) नहीं होता है ।
इसके पहले किसी भी Article ( A, An, The ) का प्रयोग नहीं होता है । विशेष परिस्थिति में The का प्रयोग हो भी सकता है, लेकिन A या An का प्रयोग कदापि नहीं ।
Abstract Noun का आकार , वजन अथवा रंग नहीं होता । ये ऐसी वस्तुएँ हैं जिन्हें न तो हम के हैं और न छू सकते हैं । हम उन्हें केवल सोच सकते हैं , अनुभव कर सकते हैं । हम एक गुलाब ( rose ) सकते हैं , स्पर्श कर सकते हैं लेकिन उसकी ‘ सुन्दरता ‘ ( beauty ) को केवल सोच सकते है
Common Nouns में hood , ship , cy , ry और y लगाकर Abstract Noun बनाना :
Child + hood = Childhood Boy + hood = Boyhood
Man + hood = Manhood Teacher + ship = Teachership
Friend + ship = Friendship Agent + cy = Agency
Slave + ry = Slavery Beggar + y = Beggary
Adjective मे dom , ness , hood , cy , ice , ty लगाकर Abstract Noun बनाना :
Wise + dom = Wisdom Just + ice = Justice
White + ness = Whiteness Sick + ness = Sickness
False + hood = Falsehood Inferior + ty = Inferiority
Private + cy = Privacy Cruel + ty = Cruelty
Verbs में ance , th , ion , red , tion लगाकर Abstract Noun बनाना ।
Attend + ance = Attendance Translate + ion = Translation
Warm + th = Warmth Hate + red = Hatred
Select + ion = Selection Admire + tion = Admiration
Exercise of What is Noun in Hindi: 1
Direction: Choose the nouns in the sentences given below and say whether they are Proper, Common, Collective, Material or Abstract nouns
Examples:
Tendulkar is the best player in the team.
Ans. Tendulkar – Proper Noun, Player – Common Noun, Team – Collective Noun.
Ice melts in June.
Ans. Ice – Material Noun, June – Proper Noun
Test Yourself:
Children like sweets.
Gold is a costly metal.
Ram is the head boy of the class.
Gujrat is a rich state.
Mahatma Gandhi is known as the father of the nation.
The Ganga is a holy river for the Hindus.
Sympathy ( सहानुभूति ) is far greater than gold.
The crowd is out of control.
January is the first month of the year.
Dr. Rajendra Prasad was intelligent since his childhood. माना
Death is sure to come.
Only wealth does not bring happiness.
Health is wealth.
Bread and butter is my favorite breakfast.
Poverty is a blessing.
Ankit has a car.
The teacher taught me English.
Sugar tastes sweet.
The beauty of Kashmir is very attractive.
Painting is my hobby.
Exercise: 2
Directions: Pick out the odd nouns in each of the following groups of words.
Examples: 1. Man, Woman, Doctor, Teacher, Abhishek. Ans. Abhishek
Mohan, Patna, Rampur, Village, Vimal. Ans. Village
Test Yourself:
Honesty, Poverty, Team, Kindness, Childhood
Silver, Sand, Wheat, Apple, Juice
Table, Chair, Toy, Wood, Pen
Father, Mother, Sister, Daugther, Wisdom
Kanpur, Allahabad, Delhi, City, India
Grapes, Banana, Juice, Orange, Carrot
The bench, Teacher, Chair, Class, Room
Leader, Painter, Dancer, Music, Player
Ghee, Pulse, Oil, Book, Ink
Truth, Youth, Pencil, Greatness, Friendship
River, Apple, Onion, Orange, Lemon
History, Chemistry, Student, Physics, Grammar.
Flock, Crowd, Darkness, Bunch, Team
Bucket, Bowl, Plate, Bottle, Curd
Ram, Monday, Silver, January, Holi
Goodness, Darkness, Foolishness, Wool, Sweetness
Girl, City, Boy, Jack, River.
Kindness, Laughter, Weakness, Band, Bravery
Water, Petrol, Oil, Honey, Biscuit
Nurse, Headache, Pain, Health, Disease
Modern Classification of Noun आधुनिक अंग्रेजी व्याकरण ( Modern English Grammar )
में Noun को तीन वर्गों में बाँटा गया है
Proper Noun ( व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा )
Countable Noun ( गणनीय संज्ञा )
Uncountable Noun ( अगणनीय संज्ञा )
1. Proper Noun: A proper noun is the name of a particular person, place, animal, day, month and things.
किसी व्यक्ति, वस्तु, स्थान इत्यादि के विशेष नाम को Proper Noun कहते हैं ।
Particular Person Ram Shyam, Shivam, Tom, Kuldip, Karim
Particular Place Rampur, Patana, Gorakhpur, Delhi, Kanpur
Particular Animal Pussy (Name Of a Particular Cat) Tommy (Name of a Particular Dog)
Particular Day and Month Sunday, Monday, June, July
Countable Noun: A countable noun is the name of a thing that can be counted.
जिस Noun को हम गिन सकते हैं, उसे Countable Noun कहते हैं | Countable Noun को संक्षेप में Count Noun भी कहते हैं | इस Noun का बहुवचन भी होता है |
Example: Pen, Pencil, Man, Table, Toy, Teacher
Uncountable Noun: An uncountable noun is the name of a thing that cannot be counted. जिस Noun को हम गिन नहीं सकते हैं उसे Uncountable Noun कहते हैं |
When we write or speak a sentence, we use more than 2 words together in an organized manner. When we use different types of the word they have different natures, and every single word is given a name like Noun, Pronoun, Verb, etc. Parts of Speech in Hindi
Parts of Speech को हिंदी में समझने के लिए हम हिंदी के शब्द भेद का सहारा लेंगे, क्यूंकि हिंदी के शब्द भेद और Parts of Speech in Hindi में सिर्फ शब्दों का ही अंतर है |
वाक्य में प्रयोग के अनुसार शब्दों (Word) को अलग-अलग भागों में बाटा जाता है | इन्हे ही शब्द भेद कहते हैं | Parts of speech in Hindi are similar to the ones which we have in English. There are eight parts of speech namely:
अब प्रश्न उठता है की English में Parts of Speech कितने होते हैं?
The name of person, place or thing is called a Noun, All Naming words are called Noun.
किसी भी व्यक्ति, स्थान, वस्तु आादि के नाम को संज्ञा कहते है।
Example:
Komal, Mohan, Ram, Seeta (किसी व्यक्ति का नाम।)
Mumbai, Allahabad, Lucknow (किसी स्थान का नाम।)
Tabel, Chair (किसी वश्तु का नाम )
The following sentences contain examples of Nouns (Bold with underlined words):
Mohan is writing a letter.
Shyam in singing a song.
2) Pronoun (सर्वनाम Sarvnam)
The word used in the place of the noun is called Pronoun.
संज्ञा के बदले आए हुए शब्द को उसे सर्वनाम कहते है।
For Example:
● (वह) – he or she
● (वो) – they
● हम) – We
● तुम) – You
● मै) – I
● तुम्हारा) – Your
The following sentences contain examples of Pronouns:
Ram is playing cricket. He is a good player.
प्रथम वाक्य में Ram का प्रयोग Noun के रूम में किया गया है जबकि दूसरे वाक्य में Ram के स्थान पर He का प्रयोग किया गया है, इस He को ही Pronoun कहते हैं |
3) Adjectives ( विशेषण, Vesheshan )
The word which gives additional information about Noun and Pronoun is called Adjective (Visheshan)
जो शब्द किसी भी संज्ञा अथवा सर्वनाम की विशेषता बतलाता है उसे विशेषण कहते हैं।
Example:
Radha is a brave girl – राधा एक बहादुर लड़की है |
Radha – Noun.
Brave – Adjective
For example:
• clever-Chatur (चतुर)
• Black – Kala (काला)
• Long – Lamba (लंबा)
• Small – Chotta (छोटा)
• Young- Yuva (युवा)
The following sentences contain examples of Adjective:
Meera is a Good Girl.
She is very clever
प्रथम वाक्य में Meera (Noun) की विशेषता Good बता रहा है, इस लिए ये शब्द adjective (एडजेक्टिव) है |
दूसरे वाक्य में She (Pronoun ) की विशेषता clever बता रहा है, इसलिए ये शब्द adjective (एडजेक्टिव) है |
The verb is the word that works something about the noun or expresses some action by the noun.
किसी वस्तु या चीज़ के विषय मे कहने के लिए जिस शब्द का प्रयोग होता है। वही शब्द kriya (क्रिया) है।
For Example:
• Eating – Khata hai (खाता है)
• Going – Jaata hai (जाता है)
• Sleeping – Sota hai (सोता है)
• Singing – Gaata hai (गाता है)
Note:
The following sentences contain examples of the verb (Kriya क्रिया ):
• Sita is eating sweets. सीता मिठाई खा रही है।
• Shaan is singing song.शान गाना गा रहा है।
5) Adverb: ( क्रिया-विशेषण ) Kriya Vesheshan
An adverb is the word or group of words that shows the quality of the verb (वर्ब). These words give additional information about the verb, adjectives, and other adverbs in a sentence.
क्रिया को विशलेषित करने अथवा विशेषता बताने वाले शब्द को क्रिया-विशेषण (Kriya Visheshan) कहते है।
For Example:
• Slowly- धीरे-धीरे
• Fast – तेज़
The following sentences contain examples of Adverb.
Gopal eats food slowly. राम धीरे-धीरे खाना खाता है
The rabbit is running very fast. खरगोश बहुत तेज दौड़ रहा है
प्रथम वाक्य में slowly शब्द eat की विशेषता बता रहा है की खाने का काम धीरे-धीरे खाता है |
दूसरे वाक्य में very fast शब्द run की विशेषता बताता है की दौड़ने का काम तेजी से हो रहा है |
6) Preposition (सम्बन्धबोधक, Sambandhbodhak):
Preposition has described the relationship between the nouns, verbs, and adjectives, preposition are words that also tell about the relationships of nouns and pronouns with other words of the sentence.
For Example:
• In
• into
• on
• upon
• under
• behind
• beside
• between
• in front of
The following sentences contain examples of Preposition:
Ram is seating behind Shyam.
Mukul is playing in front of the house.
प्रथम वाक्य में राम और श्याम के बीच behind शब्द सम्बन्ध जोड़ रहा है|
दूसरे वाक्य में Mukul और house के बीच में playing in front of सम्बन्ध जोड़ रहा है |
7) Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक):
Words which do the job of joining two parts of sentences or two sentences are known as a conjunction.
वो शब्द जो किसी दो या दो से अधिक वाक्यों के भाग को अथवा वाक्यों को आपस में जोड़ते हैं उन्हें conjunction (कंजक्शन) कहते हैं |
For Example:
And- और
But – लेकिन
because of- क्योंकि
The following sentences contain examples of conjunction:
Gopal and Heera both are brothers. गोपाल और हीरा भाई है।
Give money to Roshan because he is a good person. रोशन को पैसे दे दो क्योकि वो अच्छा आदमी है |
8) Interjection (Vismayadibodhak, विस्मयादिबोधक):
An interjection is used to express sudden feeling or emotions that originate due to sudden joy or sadness and other emotions.
वह वाक्य जिसमे गहरी अनूभूति हो उसे विस्मयादिबोधक कहते है।
